영어 모의고사 제 3회 문제

【문 1】(A),(B),(C)에 들어갈 어휘로 적절한 것을 짝지은 것은?

The bad news about advertising stems from the increasing

ability of advertising geniuses to (A) [ assist / manipulate ]

audiences via sophisticated psychological ploys. Young

people often deny that they are influenced by advertising.

They typically say that they don’t wear designer jeans or

brand-name shoes because of advertising but rather that

they just “like” these products, self-deceptively ignoring the

effect of advertising on their preferences. In fact, no one is

(B) [ exposed / immune ] to the influence of

advertisements. So we are all faced with the problem of how

best to use advertising without being used. One way is to

become familiar with the advertising devices and ploys used

to appeal to our weaknesses, prejudices, and emotions

unguided by (C) [ impulse / intelligence]. No doubt we’ll still

get taken in now and then, but perhaps less often and with

less seriously harmful consequences.

(A) (B) (C)

① assist exposed impulse

② assist immune intelligence

③ manipulate exposed impulse

④ manipulate immune intelligence

【문 2】다음 중 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?

In his book Man’s Search for Meaning, Viktor Frankl talks

about how victims of the Holocaust were able to find meaning

in their lives. ① Although the physical and emotional torture

that these people endured in the concentration camps, some

of them found meaning, a sense of purpose, in their meager

existence. Their purpose could have been to reunite with

loved ones or to someday write about ② what they had lived

through. However, even to suggest that these people were

happy ③ while in the camps ④ is absurd. In order to be

happy, having meaning in our lives is not enough. We need

the experience of meaning and the experience of positive

emotions; we need present and future benefit.

【문 3】이 글의 가장 적절한 제목은 무엇인가?

The US Civil War began in 1861 and lasted for 4 years. As a

result of the war, the United States became truly unified for

the first time, and it has also become and industrial nation of

international importance. However, the war contained some of

the most savage military fighting in modern history. The army

and navy of the industrialized northern states contained over 2

million men, of whom nearly a third died or were wounded.

There is no certainty about how many deaths occurred among

the soldiers of southern states, but the death toll must have

been horrendous. The war cost the North billions of dollars,

and the South lost much more, Land was taken from white land

owners, and businesses destroyed.

① The terrible price of the US Civil War

② The contribution of the US Civil War

③ The cause of the US Civil War

④ The adverse economic effect of US Civil War

【문 4】다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

One of the best examples of the trend toward worldwide

(A) comes from black-and-white photographer John

Spence Weir, who has been visually documenting the modern

history of Mexico for the past fifty years. According to him,

the story of Mexico is really the story of the slow removal of

color. At one time all the houses were purple, pink, yellow

and orange. The clothes and baskets, markets and people,

were colorful, too. But today, no one wants a purple house

with yellow shutters. They all want beige. Everything is beige

─ beige clothes, beige stores, beige garden walls. The

wealthy people wanted their homes to look just like the

houses in the United States. So they started painting them

beige. He said, “If I have a regret, it’s that I should have been

photographing Mexico in (B) . I missed the entire story.”

(A) (B)

①competition …… color

②competition …… person

③uniformity …… focus

④uniformity …… color

【문 5】주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가장 적절한 것은?

[ Never before had so many ripe apples been hanging on

the tree of physical cognition.]

Any of the formulas Einstein used were hardly new. Many,

in fact, had become common property among experts. Berlin

historian Dr. Jürgen Renn brought it to a point: “Many say

Einstein has created the theory of relativity out of

nothingness. But in reality he did nothing but pick ripe

fruits.” Renn continued: “The question remains, why he

chose to pick the fruits he did. ① Even if Einstein’s greatest

talent was to be a gifted fruit picker, he could not have

chosen a better time. ② But they were also hanging so

hidden that only a very sharp eye could track them down.”

③ Indeed, most “ripe fruits” or applicable theories can be

seen by many in different fields. ④ But only by making the

proper connections can the individual fruits result in an

understandable picture and begin to make sense.

【문 6】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Although a hunch of intuition may provide creative ideas,

those ideas will not become reality until you ___________. I

find that people are often indecisive because they actually

don’t have enough information to make a good decision. If

you feel hesitant about making a decision, perhaps you are

trying to make it based on guesswork and intuition, instead

of solid information. In fact, for clients who feel stuck and

can’t decide something, I often suggest research. Libraries,

the Internet, books, and a thoughtful review of your own

and others’ past experiences are all good sources of data.

① take a risk for them

② get the appropriate facts about them

③ take a good, hard look at yourself

④ get help from the government

【문 7】(A), (B), (C) 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말을 골라

짝지은 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

People may think that the guillotine – infamous as a means

of punishment during the French Revolution – was invented

by Dr. Joseph Guillotin. But he did not invent the instrument

of capital punishment that bears his name. Nevertheless, the

guillotine kept its name despite some (A) [attempt/contempt]

by Guillotin’s children to change it. The decapitation device

has been in use since the Middle Ages, and Guillotin simply

wrote an article (B) [advocating/opposing] its use as a

humane form of capital punishment and spoke well of it.

When the machine was first demonstrated to King Louis ⅩⅣ,

the king suggested the blade be (C) [adjusted/objected] to an

oblique angle. Later Louis Ⅵ and his queen, Marie

Antoinette, lost their own lives to the machine.

(A) (B) (C)

① attempt opposing objected

② attempt advocating adjusted

③ contempt opposing adjusted

④ contempt advocating objected

【문 8】다음 글의 주제로 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is

particularly problematic in Israel. It is estimated that one in

five war veterans suffer from PTSD, which is placing a strain

on government resources. The government has been forced to

increase budgets for rehabilitating soldiers who showed

symptoms of PTSD after the war. For example, the Yum

Kippur War in 1973 resulted in thousands of veterans

developing the condition which are currently all supported

financially by the government. However, the public is unlikely

to tolerate further tax increases, causing the government to

find alternative means to meet their financial obligations.

① Treatments for disorders resulting from war services

② The physical suffering of veterans for their services

③ The financial burden imposed on Israel by PTSD among

veterans

④ The Yum Kippur War that created thousands of victims

【문 9】다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

From 1972 to 1976, capital punishment was not enforced in

the United State. That was because the Supreme Court

decided that the procedures for imposing the death penalty

were unconstitutional. For instance, a “unitary trial” procedure

was adopted in Georgia, where the jury was required to

decide whether the accused would be sentenced to death or

life imprisonment. The Supreme Court understood that such a

procedure violated the eighth amendment to the Constitution.

Never in its history, however, has the Supreme Court decided

that capital punishment is unconstitutional in itself.

① 19세기 동안 미국에서 사형은 중단되었다.

② 연방 대법원은 사형에 반대하지 않는다.

③ 조지아 주에서의 단일 재판 절차는 헌법에 위배되는 것으로

여겨지지 않았다.

④ 헌법 수정조항 제 8조는 사형 제도를 금하고 있다.

【문 10】다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약할 때, 빈칸에 들어갈

것으로 적절한 것은?

Imagine a child playing on the beach below a cliff. He

finds a cave, full of excitement, goes in. Suddenly fear

seizes him. In the deep dark of the cave, he cannot see

the way ahead. What is frightening him is the sense of the

unknown stretching into the black distance. Most of our

worries in life can be like this. Our anxiety is not about

something specific, but a sense that unknown and

unexplored possibilities may be out of sight far ahead. We

can place a limit on these worries by asking: "What is the

worst that can happen?" More often than not, the worst

that we fear is much less terrible than our vague fear.

Once we know the worst, we can face it directly and

work out more sensibly what to do.

→ In many cases, our anxiety comes from the sense of

( A ), and the solution to the problem is to think

ahead about the ( B ) situation.

(A) (B)

① hostility whole

② hostility worst

③ uncertainty whole

④ uncertainty worst

【문 11】다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Some students draw their energy from the outside world,

enjoying interaction with other people, activities, or

things. This is called extroversion. Meanwhile, others

prefer to gain their energy from their own internal ideas,

emotions, or impressions. People call this introversion. If

you tend to be more extroverted, working in groups and

discussing material with others help you understand and

process new ideas better. On the other hand, you may be

impatient and distracted by working on your own, and a

class that is less varied and not as action-oriented may

pose a particular challenge. In contrast, if you are more

introverted, you don’t mind working on one project for a

long time without interruption, but may be quiet in the

classroom and dislike classes with a lot of oral

presentations and group interactions and work. You also

work best if you read lessons over before discussion and

think before participating.

① 외향적인 사람들은 내향적인 사람들보다 그룹 프로젝트를

함으로써 더 많은 이익을 얻는다.

② 행동 지향적인 수업은 내향적인 사람들에게 보다는 외향적

인 사람들에게 더 힘들다.

③ 내향적인 사람들은 오랫동안 하나의 프로젝트를 중단 없이

더 잘 할 수 있다.

④ 당신이 내향적이라면, 당신은 수업 전에 토론에 준비를 하

는 것이 더 좋을 것이다.

【문 12】(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가

장 적절한 것은?

Your weight depends on what and how much you eat, how

much you exercise, and what genes you (A) [inhibit/inherit]

from your parents – in a word, your mass. Your weight really

depends on two masses: yours and the planet’s. Gravity is

the (B) [distraction/attraction] between two bodies of mass.

The larger the masses, and the closer they are to each other,

the stronger the force of gravity will be. Each planet has a

different mass, and therefore a different amount of gravity.

The bigger the planet, the more gravity it usually has. So, if

you were on tiny Pluto, you’d (C) [balance/bounce] all over

the place because you’d weigh much less than you do on

Earth. If you could stand on gigantic Jupiter, you’d be so

heavy that you could hardly walk.

(A) (B) (C)

① inhibit …… distraction …… balance

② inhibit …… attraction …… bounce

③ inherit …… distraction …… bounce

④ inherit …… attraction …… bounce

【문 13】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Not long ago, I read about a group of Russian immigrants

who have the tradition of celebrating New Year’s Eve on the

afternoon of December 30th. A reporter for the Los Angeles

Times heard about this and, thinking that there was a story

there, went out to interview them. “Why are you celebrating

the new year thirty-six hours before everyone else?” she

asked. One of them, a man in his late sixties, responded,

“When we were growing up in the Soviet Union forty years

ago, we were very poor, and we found that it was a lot cheaper

to get a band on December 30th. That’s how the tradition

started.” The curious thing is that most of these people are

well-off. They could easily afford lavish entertainment on New

Year’s Eve, and yet they still celebrate it on the previous

afternoon. Almost every organization I’ve ever worked with has

some of this mentality of celebrating New Year’s Eve early for

an _____________.

① undeniable fact ② obsolete reason

③ unavoidable defect ④ unlawful practice

【문 14】글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

[ This is as true of the drama as it is of painting or sculpture. ]

Strictly speaking, art is never naturalistic in the sense of

being an exact copy of reality. ( ① ) The artist always

differs from a photographer in giving values which nature

does not supply, in stressing this or that part of his

canvas, because either he individually or his school

considers such emphasis essential. ( ② ) Shakespeare

was more realistic than the French dramatists in making

the rabble speak like common folk. ( ③ ) But he, too,

made Greeks and Romans converse in English and

crowded a quite unusual series of events within the scope

of an evening’s entertainment. ( ④ ) Realism, therefore, is

a relative term, never to be taken absolutely.

【문 15】다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Willpower sounds like something you either have or don’t

have. Drop this idea. It is not useful. It is true that you need

to make a resolute decision and ① take the steps

necessary. But lack of willpower is not the real reason

when people don’t change; lack of knowledge ② does.

Failure to change occurs when you choose the wrong tools

or underestimate the length of time ③ required for results

to show. If you don’t understand how change works, you

may give up at the moment just before success. If so, don’t

blame willpower, which is nothing more than a set of habits

that anyone can learn. You don’t need to try harder; you

need to be smarter about ④ what change requires.

【문 16】글의 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

Invisible hand is a term used by Adam Smith to describe

the natural force that guides free market capitalism

through competition for scarce resources. ① According to

Adam Smith, in a free market each participant will try to

maximize self-interest. ② And the interaction of market

participants, leading to exchange of goods and services,

enables each participant to be better off than when simply

producing for himself/herself. ③ His theory met a lot of

challenges from economists who pointed its limitations in

practical terms. ④ He further said that in a free market,

no regulation of any type would be needed, since this

“invisible hand” would guide market participants to trade

in the most mutually beneficial manner.

【문 17】다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Impressionism, named after Claude Monet’s masterpiece

Impression, Sunrise, dominated the French art world for the

decades immediately following 1860. Originating from a

Paris-based clique of experienced artists, including Monet,

Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Camilie Pissarro, Impressionism

as a movement differed in a number of important ways from

the Realism that preceded it. Taking ordinary people, objects

and settings as their subjects, the Impressionists firmly

believed that rather than being stationary as art had

traditionally depicted, the world was their canvas. This effect

was achieved through visible brush strokes which captured

changing qualities of light. Colors were pure, not mixed, in

order to achieve greater contrast between brush strokes and

create a more vibrant image. Impressionist paintings were

also characterized by open composition, meaning that the

main subject tended to blend into the background, rather than

commanding the center of the picture.

① 인상주의라는 용어는 Claude Monet의 작품에서 나왔다.

② 인상주의는 사실주의 다음에 나타났으며, 사실주의는 인상주의

와는 구별되는 특징을 보여주었다.

③ 인상주의 예술가들의 뚜렷한 필법은 빛의 변화하는 특징을 잡

아내는 데 기여했다.

④ 인상주의 회화에서, 배경과 대조를 이루면서 주된 주제가 강조되었다.

【문 18】글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

This situation is changing, however, with the onset of

industrialization.

As civilization grew, more and different pollutants were

dumped into the seas. ( ① ) Still, this pollution did not really

threaten the marine environment. ( ② ) The seas seemed

capable of coping with anything that people threw at them. (

③ ) Now, factories are beginning to dump enormous

quantities of materials into the seas. ( ④ ) Especially in some

coastal areas near large cities, ocean pollution is beginning to

threaten marine life. For the first time, the oceans are

beginning to fail in their ability to recycle humanity’s wastes.

【문 19】다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

Capitalism heavily relies on competition in order to

function well. Consumers search for products and

services that maintain high quality at a reasonable price.

When they perceive two or more products to be ① equal

in value, they will obviously choose the one that is

offered at the lowest price. Therefore, as different

companies compete for increasingly larger market

shares, they seek more ② efficient means of production.

They are encouraged to innovate. A more efficient

assembly line, for example, allows a company to produce

more goods in less time, which gives it a ③ tremendous

advantage over the competitors because it can

essentially charge a lower price. Companies in

competition are always attempting to ④ worsen their

product so that consumers ultimately view it as superior.

【문 20】다음 글의 요지로 적절한 것은?

There appears to be a change in the characteristics of

AIDS victims these days. In the 1980s, homosexual men

in large urban areas accounted for two thirds of all AIDS

cases. Women and children seemed to be on the

periphery of the AIDS epidemic. But today almost ninety

percent of new adult infections result from heterosexual

contact. Consequently, the rate of exposure and infection

is rising among women, with an accompanying rise in the

number of children born to them with HIV. In the 21st

century, it is expected that the majority of AIDS victims

will be heterosexual women and their young children.

① AIDS victims are decreasing with the development of

effective medicines.

② Women and young children tend to be more vulnerable

to AIDS these days.

③ Even today, the majority of AIDS victims are still

found to be homosexuals.

④ Researchers have found that sexual orientation has

nothing to do with HIV.

【문 21】주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

[ In recommending free trade to developing countries,

western countries point out that all of the rich

countries participate in free trade. ]

(A) In fact, most successful people are those who have

been well supported by their parents when they were

children. Likewise, not until their producers were

ready did rich countries practice free trade. They

used various protection devices to help their

producers build up their capabilities.

(B) So it makes sense to protect domestic industries

through subsidies and other measures before they can

build up their capabilities to compete with superior

foreign producers.

(C) This is, however, like people advising the parents of a

young boy to make him get a job, arguing that

successful adults don’t live off their parents and,

therefore, that being independent must be the reason

for their success.

① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

③ (C)-(A)-(B)

④ (C)-(B)-(A)

【문 22】다음 글에서 밑줄 친 the wrong side의 의미로 가장 적

절한 것은?

Hippocrates said, “Life is short, the art long, opportunity

fleeting, experiment treacherous, judgment difficult.”

Happiness and success in life do not depend on our

circumstances, but on ourselves. The problem is that man

is great but he is in the wrong side. You can see many

examples in history. More men have ruined themselves

than have ever been destroyed by others: more houses

and cities have perished at the hands of man, than storms

or earthquakes have ever destroyed. We are sure to

suffer, but it is we, ourselves, who are to be blamed.

① 운명 순응적 태도 ② 자기 파괴적 속성

③ 역사에 대한 무지 ④ 책임지지 않는 자세

【문 23】다음 글의 요지로 적절한 것은?

Unpleasant or unwanted sounds are classified as noise.

Currently the government is implementing a policy trying

to reduce noise. One problem is that it is still very difficult

to predict what sort of noise, and how much noise will

cause someone to complain. There are a number of ways

to measure noise scientifically, but even these cannot

explain complaint levels completely. Another problem is

that of weighing people’s annoyance against the cost of

reducing the noise. It is difficult to pass laws about what

is acceptable, without upsetting people whose business

will be damaged by being forced to limit their noise.

① Noise cannot be reduced without financial loss.

② Most noise cannot be accurately measured.

③ Noise is any sound that annoys people.

④ Noise control by the government is not easy.

【문 24】이 글의 글쓴이의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?

The women refused to speak, eat, or drink. I asked one

of the girls who they were, and where they lived, but she

only stared vacantly, muttering something that could not

be understood. The air of the place was now getting too

much for me; but I stood deliberating a moment, whether

it was possible for me to drag them out of the vault. But

if I did, what then? They would only perish in the street,

and here they were at least protected from the rain; and

more than that, might die in seclusion. I crawled up into

the street, and looking down upon them again, almost

repented that I had brought them any food; for it would

only tend to prolong their misery, without hope of any

permanent relief: for they must die very soon; they were

too far gone for any medicine to help them.

① shocked and helpless

② nervous and irritated

③ bored and indifferent

④ scared and frightened

【문 25】밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

Cai Lun is traditionally credited with the invention of

paper. ① He was a court official under the emperor Hedi

of the Chinese Han Dynasty. About the year 105, Cai

conceived the idea of forming sheets of paper from the

bark of trees, hemp waste, old rags, and fishnets, and he

reported his discovery to the emperor, who commended

② him for it. The paper thus invented by him was much

less expensive to produce and had more abundant

sources. Also, it was found to be superior in writing

quality to cloth made of pure silk, the principal writing

surface of the time. Later important improvements were

made to Cai’s papermaking process by ③ his apprentice,

Zuo Bo. The papermaking process further advanced by

④ him was rapidly adopted throughout China, from which

it eventually spread to the rest of the world.